Hollow Cylinder
A hollow cylinder (tube, pipe, duct) has an outer radius R and an inner radius r. Subtract the volume of the empty core from the total volume to get the volume of material.
V = π × h × (R² − r²)
Calcul Volume
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What Is Volume?
The volume of a cylinder is the space enclosed inside this solid. A right cylinder is made of two identical, parallel circles joined by a curved side surface. Its volume is expressed in cubic units (cm³, m³) or, for liquids, in litres and millilitres.
In practice, you work out the area of the circular base, then "stack" that area along the full height of the cylinder. This is the calculation used to estimate the capacity of a tank, a water butt, a can or the concrete in a round column.
Formula
The cylinder volume formula multiplies the area of the circular base by the height. If you know the diameter, replace r with d ÷ 2.
V = π × r² × h
or V = π × d² × h ÷ 4
- V
- Volume
- π
- ≈ 3.14159
- r
- Base radius
- h
- Height
Calculate the volume step by step
- 1
Measure the radius
Measure the diameter of the base and divide it by 2. Example: d = 10 cm, so r = 5 cm.
- 2
Work out the base area
Square the radius and multiply by π: π × 5² ≈ 78.54 cm².
- 3
Multiply by the height
With h = 10 cm: 78.54 × 10 ≈ 785.4 cm³.
- 4
Convert if needed
785.4 cm³ ÷ 1,000 = 0.785 L. Use the same unit for every measurement.
Cylinder Variants
Oblique Cylinder
In an oblique cylinder, the axis is tilted relative to the bases. By Cavalieri's principle, its volume equals that of a right cylinder with the same base and height. Note: h is the perpendicular distance between the two bases.
V = π × r² × h (perpendicular h)
Half Cylinder
A half cylinder (trough, gutter, vault) is exactly half of a cylinder cut along its axis. Its volume is therefore half of the standard formula.
V = ½ × π × r² × h
Other Calculators
- Volume in Litres
- Volume in Gallons
- Volume in Millilitres
- Volume in Ounces
- From the Diameter
- From the Radius
- From the Circumference
- From the Base Area
- From the Surface Area
- Proof
- By Integration
- Measuring Guide
- Tank Calculation
- Hollow Cylinder
- Right Cylinder
- Horizontal Cylinder
- Vertical Cylinder
- Cylinder vs Cone
- Cylinder vs Sphere
- Volume to Weight
- Without the Height
- Without the Radius
- Open-Ended Cylinder
Frequently asked questions about cylinder volume
How do you calculate the volume of a cylinder?
Multiply the area of the circular base (π × r²) by the height h: V = π × r² × h. For example, a cylinder with a 5 cm radius and a 10 cm height has a volume of π × 25 × 10 ≈ 785.4 cm³, or about 0.785 litres.
How do you calculate cylinder volume from the diameter?
Divide the diameter by two to get the radius, then apply V = π × r² × h. You can also use V = π × d² × h ÷ 4 directly. Our calculator keeps the radius and diameter in sync automatically.
How do you convert a cylinder's volume to litres?
One litre equals 1 dm³, or 1,000 cm³. Divide a volume in cm³ by 1,000 to get litres, or multiply a volume in m³ by 1,000. You can simply choose "L" in the Volume field of the calculator.
How do you convert litres to US or imperial gallons?
Divide the number of litres by 3.785 for US gallons, or by 4.546 for imperial gallons. For example, 100 litres is about 26.4 US gallons or 22 imperial gallons.
What is the difference between a right and an oblique cylinder?
In a right cylinder, the axis is perpendicular to the bases; in an oblique cylinder, it is tilted. By Cavalieri's principle, both have the same volume V = π × r² × h, as long as h is the perpendicular height between the bases and not the length of the slanted side.
Is Calcul Volume available in French?
Yes. Calcul Volume is a French-first site: the main homepage, the 25 calculators and most guides are in French, and this English page lets you calculate cylinder volume in English. Use the language menu at the bottom of the page to switch.